Metronidazole (400mg)

Metronidazole (400mg)

Composition

Each Metronidazole- 400 mg contains Metronidazole 400mg as active ingredients 

 It also contains lactose monohydrate, maize starch, povidone, and magnesium stearate as inactive ingredients.

Each Metronidazole- 200mg contains Metronidazole 200mg as active ingredients 

It also contains lactose monohydrate, maize stearate, and color as inactive ingredients.

Each 5ml of metronidazole suspension contains metronidazole 200mg (as benzoate) as active ingredient. Also contains sugar, glycerin, citric acid, sodium citrate, methylparaben, propylparaben, sodium benzoate, and flavor and color as inactive ingredients.

Indications

Metronidazole is used in the treatment and prevention of anaerobic bacteria such as bacterial vaginosis, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, tetanus, antibiotic-associated colitis, and in the eradication of H-Pylori(together with other drugs). Other protozoal infections that can be treated with metronidazole include amoebiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, leishmaniasis, and microsporidiosis.

Dosage Administration

Metronidazole should be only taken under the prescription of a physician.

AEROBIC INFECTIONS

Adults & children over 10 years: 400mg every 8 hours usually for 7 days(or 10 to 14 days in Clostridium difficile infections)

Children 8 weeks-10 years: 20-30 mg/kg/day as a single dose or divided into 7.5 mg/kg every 8 hours for 7 days.

Children under 8 weeks: 15 mg/kg/day as a single dose or divided into 7.5mg/kg every 12 hours.

LEG ULCERS ADN PRESSURE SORES

Adults & children over 10 years: 400 mg every 8 hours for 7 days 

BACTERIA VAGINOSIS

Adults: 400mg every 12 hours for 7 days or 2g as a single dose 

PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE

Adults: 400mg every 12 hours for 14 days.

 ACUTE ULCERATIVE GINGIVITIS OR ACUTE ORAL INFECTIONS 

Adults & children over 10 years: 200mg every 8 hours for 3 to 7 days 

7 to 10 years: 100mg every 8 hours for 3 to 7 days 

3 to 7 years: 100mg every 12 hours for 3 to 7 hours 

1 to 3 years: 50mg every 8 hours for 3 to 7 days 

SURGICAL PROPHYLAXIS

Adults & children over 10 years: 400mg 2 hours before surgery, up to 3 further doses of 400mg may be given every 8 hours for high-risk procedures

Children under 10 years: 20 to 30mg/kg as a single dose 1 to 2 hours before surgery 

Newborn with a gestation less than 40 weeks: A more suitable dosage form should be used

Pharmacodynamic Properties 

Metronidazole is an antimicrobial drug with high activity against several anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. The drug interferes with the DNA of susceptible organisms leading to a bacteria/ amoebicidal action 

Pharmacokinetic Properties 

Metronidazole is readily absorbed following oral administration and reaches peak blood levels within 2 hours of a single dose. It is excreted from the body mainly through urine 

Contraindications

Patients with known hypersensitivity or allergic to metronidazole, nitronidazole, or any of the ingredients in the drug should avoid using this drug 

Warnings and Precautions

Metronidazole should be administered with caution in patients with impaired liver function and hepatic encephalopathy (dose may be dose). It should be avoided in patients with acute porphyria. Clinical and laboratory monitoring is advised if treatment exceeds 10 days.

Possible side effects

The most common side effect of the metronidazole include stomach disturbances, nausea, vomiting, unpleasant metallic taste, loss of appetite, diarrhoea or constipation, furred tongue, mucositis, hepatitis, jaundice, darken urine, muscle weakness, arthralgia, visual disturbances, skin rashes, and itching.

 Symptoms and Treatment of Overdose

Symptoms of overdose include feeling or being sick, loss of appetite, diarrhoea, metallic taste, headache, dizziness, insomnia or drowsiness. Consult the Physician when a dose greater than recommended is administered.

Possible Interactions with Food or Drugs 

Alcohol may give a bad psychotic reaction when taken with metronidazole 

Metronidazole may interact with blood thinning drugs such as warfarin, drugs for control of epilepsy such as phenytoin and primidone, barbiturates, cytotoxic ( cancer treatment drugs such as busulfan and fluorouracil), disulfiram, lithium, mycophenolate, oestrogens, cimetidine, and oral typhoid vaccines

Pregnancy and Lactation

Metronidazole should be avoided during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester. Metronidazole is distributed into breast milk giving it a bitter taste

Presentation

Metronidazole 400mg Tablet and Metronidazole 200mg Tablet are round uncoated, in blister packs of 10 x 50 tablets per pack.

Metronidazole Suspension 200mg/5ml is presented in 100ml amber bottles

Storage Condition

Metronidazole should be stored below 30 degrees Celsius and away from moisture and light. Keep out of reach of children.


 

up